Analysis of Janus Kinase Inhibitor Safety in Dermatology Patients with Multiple Cardiovascular Risk Factors

¹Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA

^2,4California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clovis, CA, USA

³Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine - Georgia Campus, Suwanee, GA, USA

⁵Kansas City University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Joplin, MO, USA

⁶State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA

⁷A.T. Still University College of Osteopathic Medicine Arizona, Mesa, AZ, USA

⁸Department of Dermatology, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY, USA

*Corresponding author: Kelly Frasier, DO, MS, Department of Dermatology, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY, USA, Phone: 3105956882, Email: [email protected]

Received Date: June 14, 2025

Publication Date: June 30, 2025

Citation: Aust N, et al. (2025). Analysis of Janus Kinase Inhibitor Safety in Dermatology Patients with Multiple Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Dermis. 5(3):41.

Copyright: Aust N, et al. © (2025).

ABSTRACT

Analyzing the safety profile of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in dermatology patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors provides insight into the balance between therapeutic efficacy and potential adverse outcomes. JAK inhibitors, widely used for conditions such as atopic dermatitis, alopecia areata, and psoriasis, modulate pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, including JAK-STAT-dependent cytokines such as IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, which are also implicated in atherosclerosis and thrombogenesis. Emerging data indicate an increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including myocardial infarction, stroke, and venous thromboembolism, particularly in patients with preexisting risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and diabetes. Mechanistic insights suggest that JAK inhibition may alter endothelial function, disrupt lipid metabolism, and contribute to platelet aggregation, compounding cardiovascular risk in susceptible individuals. Large-scale post-marketing surveillance and real-world cohort studies have highlighted variable cardiovascular risk profiles across different JAK inhibitors, necessitating individualized risk assessments prior to treatment initiation. Regulatory agencies have responded by implementing boxed warnings and risk mitigation strategies, underscoring the need for vigilant patient selection and longitudinal cardiovascular monitoring. Integrating cardioprotective strategies, including lipid-lowering therapies, antiplatelet agents, and lifestyle modifications, may help optimize the safety of JAK inhibitors in dermatology patients with elevated cardiovascular risk while preserving therapeutic efficacy.

Keywords: Janus Kinase Inhibitor, JAK-STAT, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Dermatology, MACE, VTE